Among the cities of North India, Delhi has the largest number of monuments built by the Muslim rulers, in particular, Moguls. The architecture is a fusion of Indo-Turkic-Persian with strong Indian character. They include mausoleums, masjids (mosques), forts, tombs, etc. Each Mogul building is impressive and artistically fascinating. Given below is a brief account of some of the historical monuments that connect us with the by-gone era of luxury, affluence and workmanship. What are seeing here is just a fraction of monuments in and around Delhi.
01.Humayun's Tomb, Delhi:
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| Humayun's Tomb, Delhi history of india - blogger |
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| Humayun's Tomb, Delhi. indovacation.net |
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| Interior. Humayun's Tomb, Delhi IndiaOuting.com |
Among the Mughal (also Mogul)
architectural wonders of Delhi, India, the significant one is the tomb of Humayun – one of the most
popular heritage destinations of India. Humayun was the son of the first
Mughal Emperor of India.Hamida Banu Begam, also known as Haji Begum, Humayun’s Persian wife, took the major initiative and looked
after the construction of the tomb worthy of her husband's name; the work began in 1569 (fourteen years after
Humayun’s death). A sum of rupees 15 lakhs (1.5 million) was spent on the tomb. Mirak Mirza Ghiyath, a Persian, was the architect employed by Haji Begam for this tomb.
The tomb stands in the centre of a square garden, and causeways (charbagh) separate this Mughal Tomb into four main gardens. Further, there are water-channels in the centre. You can enter this enclosure through two majestic double-storied gateways situated on the west and south. A baradari (pavilion) occupies the centre of the eastern wall and a hammam (bath chamber) in the centre of northern wall.The main grave in the centre of this cell-complex is accessed by a passage on the south. The octagonal central chamber contains the cenotaph, and the diagonal sides lead to corner - chambers which house the graves of other members of the royal family. Inlaid tile work, carvings comprising both Indian and Persian decorative elements, and carved stone screens – are a few highlights making Humayun Tomb wonderful.
02. Red Fort, New Delhi:
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| Red Fort, Delhi, Interior indiantoursunrevealed.blogspot.com |
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| Diwan-i-Aam, Red Fort, Delhi Getty Images |
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| Red Fort, Delhi. ScoopWhoop |
Among the gates, the Lahore Gate draws our attention because, on the independence day, it comes alive with parades, flag-hoisting, and other celebrations. he Lahore Gate – gets immersed in the freedom celebration and draws a major crowd on every Independence Day.
An evening sound and light show takes the audience right back to the Mogul history and its connection with this famous fort.
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| Red Fort, Delhi. SlideShare |
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| Red Fort, Delhi. SlideShare |
From the western gateway one has to pass through the vaulted arcade, called Chhatta-Chowk, to reach the Naubat- or Naqqar-Khana ('Drum-house'. Here ceremonial music was played and it also served as the entrance to the Diwan-i-'Am. The Diwan-i-Khass ('Hall of Private Audience') is a highly-ornamented pillared hall, with a flat ceiling supported on engraved arches. Here, on the marble dais, it is believed, the famous Peacock Throne that was carried away by the Persian invader Nadir Shah, was kept.
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| Red Fort. Inside -Diwan-E-Khas, Delhi. veethi.com |
Yet another part in the fort was the Hammam ('Bath') consisting of of three main apartments divided by corridors. The entire interior, including the floor, is built of marble and inlaid with coloured stones. Surprisingly, the baths were provided with 'hot and cold water’. To the west of the Hammam is the Moti-Masjid ('Pearl Mosque'), added later by Mogul ruler Aurangzeb.
03. Jama Masjid, Delhi:
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| Delhi Jama Masjid Inside View Amazing India Blog |
huge court yard and is considered the largest one with a capacity of 25000 devotees who can pray comfortably at a time. It is indeed a - a mind-boggling figure. Located in Old Delhi, it was not built in a short period but it took a long time for Shah Jehan to complete the work - Jahan’s great architectural feat.
In 1644, Shahjahan commenced in Delhi his great mosque, the Jami'- Masjid, the largest mosque in India, and completed it in 1650. It is square quadrangle in shape with arched cloisters on the sides and a tank in the centre is 100 meters wide. Built on a raised plinth, it has three imposing gateways accessed by long flights of steps. Its prayer-hall, with a facade of eleven arches, flanked by a four-story minaret on either end, is covered by three large domes ornamented with alternating stripes of 'black and white marble.
This amazing masjid, which is being visited by lots of people every day has four towers and two 40 meter minarets, besides three gates. The unique features of Jama Masjid are the eye-catching carvings and etched verses of the accentuate the walls. These ornate, artistic works enhance the beauty of Jama Masjid. One can see a collection of Mohammad's preaching, – the Koran written on deerskin, a red beard-hair of the prophet, his sandals and his footprints and these which are embedded in a marble block.
04. Taj Mahal:
The Taj Mahal commonly referred to as the Taj is a remarkable architectural achievement ever made by the Mogul rulers of India and it shows the wonderful of tradition and imagination of Mogul Architects had and how they had given shape to it. The Taj is the Mausoleum built on the banks of the river Yamuna in Agra by Shah Jehan in memory of his beloved wife and queen Mumtaz Mahal who died giving birth to their 14th child, Gauhara Begum.
The Taj, once considered one of the seven wonders in the world, is believed to be the work of a designer whose mastery over the designs of building had no parallel. Built on a raised platform in a unique way, considering the lose nature of the soil adjacent to the river bed, it took 22 years for Shah Jehan (reigned 1628–1658) to complete it and the services of men in several thousands were required for the construction work. They tirelessly worked under the direction of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor, Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.
This amazing masjid, which is being visited by lots of people every day has four towers and two 40 meter minarets, besides three gates. The unique features of Jama Masjid are the eye-catching carvings and etched verses of the accentuate the walls. These ornate, artistic works enhance the beauty of Jama Masjid. One can see a collection of Mohammad's preaching, – the Koran written on deerskin, a red beard-hair of the prophet, his sandals and his footprints and these which are embedded in a marble block.
04. Taj Mahal:
The Taj, once considered one of the seven wonders in the world, is believed to be the work of a designer whose mastery over the designs of building had no parallel. Built on a raised platform in a unique way, considering the lose nature of the soil adjacent to the river bed, it took 22 years for Shah Jehan (reigned 1628–1658) to complete it and the services of men in several thousands were required for the construction work. They tirelessly worked under the direction of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor, Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.
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| Taj Mahal, main entrance, Delhi. news.zing.vn |
The most appealing feature is the geometric patterns that went into the construction. The main large central marble dome (35 meters / 115 ft) high) is surrounded by four tall minarets at all four corners. The tomb is the center part of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenellated wall.
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| Amazing Taj Mahal, delhi. NDTV.com |
Everyday thousands of travelers visit this place, that was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 for being "the jewel of Muslim art in India.
05. Qutub Minar, New Delhi:
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| Qutub Minar, Delhi Maps of India |
The Qutub tower consists of distinct stories, and
each has a projecting balcony. In order to lessen the overburden, the diameter of the succeeding storeys decreases
gradually when measured from top to bottom – 15 m diameter at the base
to just 2.5 m at the top. Tower is made of partly marble and red stones. This combination highlights the beauty of this structure. Unlike many structures built by the Muslim rulers in the past the ground floor of the tower has a mosque called Quwwat-ul-Islam
Mosque. This one is believed to be the first mosque constructed in
India.
The inscriptions on the East Gate frankly point out explain that historical fact that the construction materials that went into building the Qutub Minar were removed from 27 Hindu temples after destroying them. I t impli3s that Qutub Minar was built at the cost of demolishing 27 valuable, historical Hindu temples that were lost for ever.
Qutub Minar is an important UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mehrauli area of Delhi. The Minar is surrounded by several historically important monuments including Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, built at the same time as the Minar, and the much older Iron Pillar of Delhi.Yet another attraction is nearby pillared Cupola known as "Smith's Folly", a remnant of 19th century restoration of the 6th story.
Ref: https://www.treebo.com/blog/historical-monuments-in-delhi/
The inscriptions on the East Gate frankly point out explain that historical fact that the construction materials that went into building the Qutub Minar were removed from 27 Hindu temples after destroying them. I t impli3s that Qutub Minar was built at the cost of demolishing 27 valuable, historical Hindu temples that were lost for ever.
Qutub Minar is an important UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mehrauli area of Delhi. The Minar is surrounded by several historically important monuments including Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, built at the same time as the Minar, and the much older Iron Pillar of Delhi.Yet another attraction is nearby pillared Cupola known as "Smith's Folly", a remnant of 19th century restoration of the 6th story.
